Saturday, 19 August 2017

VEHICLES # 5.



 
1935 STANDARD.
 
 
Model - sixteen. Engine - 16hp, 6 cylinders. Made in Coventry UK.
 
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1930 STANDARD SWALLOW.
 
Engine - 1,141cc 9hp. Top speed - 55mph approx. Price new - £250. One of Sir William Lyons earlier creations, these standard nines were very popular when fitted with the swallow coachwork of S S Cars Ltd. This particular example was discovered in a barn in Essex , which had part collapsed on the car and distorted all the roof members. The restoration of the car began at the former Jaguar - Daimler training school at Sandy Lane. However when this project was abandoned and the training school relocated to Longbridge, the car was passed to the museum with only the chassis in any fit sort of state. The restoration was completed by the museums technical staff in 1985.
 
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2003 JAGUAR R4  F1.
 
Engine - Cosworth V10. This particular car, chassis number R4 - 05, was raced from the European Grand Prix at the Nurburgring at the end of June 2003 for the rest of the season.
 
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1973 TRIUMPH DOLOMITE SPRINT.
 
Engine - 1,998cc. Top speed - 116mph. Price new - £1,811. The Dolomite range was very popular with the public and the Sprint was the ultimate model. This particular Coventry built vehicle is the first Dolomite Sprint and carries chassis number VA1 DL and is still fitted with the original engine, number VA1 HE. The car has only 31,000 miles on the clock. It was featured at the Zurich and Earls Court motor show and subsequently became the factory demonstrator.
 
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1954 KIEFT F3.
 
This car was purchased by Jim Burgoyne in 1954, the second to be built with the new four-cylinder Turner engine. It completed in a number of races and has made appearances at exhibitions since. Graham Burgoyne ( Jims son ) has kept this car in its present condition and the vehicle remains in full running order. The high performance Turner multi cylinder 500cc engine was very revolutionary for its time, pre-emptying the arrival of similar engines from Japan by over two decades. The Kieft company ceased building 500cc racing cars in 1954. Engine - 500cc Turner, 50bhp. Top speed - 100mph.
 
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1965 LOLA  T70 MK1.
 
Engine - 5.7 litre Chevrolet V8, 505bhp. Top speed - 205mph. Lola racing cars is a British racing car engineering company founded in 1961 by Eric Broadley and is based in Huntingdon.
 
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1967 LOLA T70 MK111.
 
Engine - 5,000cc, Ford V8, 450bhp at 6,200rpm. Top speed - 200mph+. This particular Lola  T70 was originally raced in the USA with open bodywork, before being converted to its present form for European racing.
 
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TRIUMPH TR7 1976.
 
Price new - £2,999. Engine - 1,998cc. Top speed - 110mph. The wedge shaped TR7 was introduced in 1975 as a replacement for the traditional TR6. Using a 2 litre Dolomite Sprint engine it was originally built at British Leylands Speke factory in Liverpool, but production later moved to the Canley plant at Coventry and finally Solihull. My travelling companion, the person on the left of the car used to own one of these.
 
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1960 MORRIS MINI.
 
Engine - 848cc. Top speed - 75mph. Price new - £497. The Mini designed by Alex Issigonis was unveiled to the public at Earls Court motor show in 1959. The car became extremely popular with the public, the rich and the famous and even royalty. An icon of the 1960`s it became a star in its own right in the British crime caper movie `The Italian Job`. The Mini stayed in production for 41 years during which time an astonishing 4.6 million were made.
 
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After all that driving around, lets take a rest in one of these----
 
 
 
 
1938 ECCLES CARAVAN.
 
Price new - £195. Eccles were probably Britain's best known caravan makers from before World War Two through to the 1950s. They made their caravans at Stirchley in Birmingham.
 
 
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Sunday, 13 August 2017

MISSILES, BOMBS, ROCKETS # 3.



 
HS298.
 
Manufacturer - Henschel ( Germany 1944 ). Type - air to air missile. Range - 1 mile. Propulsion - solid fuel rocket. Guidance - radio. Control - aerodynamic. General information - This large and relatively low performance missile never reached production, instead its development was abandoned in January 1945.
 
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F1  103 (V1).
 
Manufacturer - Fieseler ( Germany 1942 ). Type - surface to surface missile. Range - 150 miles. Propulsion - pulse jet. Guidance - gyroscopically controlled autopilot. Control - aerodynamic. General information - The V1 was arguably the worlds first cruise missile and the first missile to be used for mass bombardment.
 
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ENZIAN.
 
Manufacturer - Holtzbraukissing KG (Germany 1943 ). Type - surface to air missile. Range - 16 miles. Propulsion - liquid fuel main engine, solid fuel launch boosters. Guidance - radio control. Control - aerodynamic. General information - Wood was the main material used in the construction of the Enzian. The shape of the missile is similar to the ME163 aircraft. Thirty eight Enzians were fired before the project was cancelled in January 1945.
 
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FEUERLILIE F25.
 
Manufacturer - Rheinmetall-Borsig. Type - Research vehicle. Propulsion - twin solid fuel rockets. Guidance - unguided. Control - aerodynamic. General information- This experimental rocket was designed to gather aerodynamic data at trans sonic speeds.
 



 

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X4.
 
Manufacturer - Ruhrstahl ( Germany 1943 ). Type - air to air missile. Range - 3 miles. Propulsion - liquid fuel rocket engine. Guidance - control wire. Control - aerodynamic via spoilers in the tail. General information - This wire guided missile was the forerunner of many modern missiles. 1300 missiles were in production when the factory that made the rocket motors was destroyed ~in an air raid and it was decided to let the project lapse.
 
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SEACAT.
 
Manufacturer - Short Brothers and Harland. Type - ship borne surface to air missile. Range - 2 miles. Propulsion - solid fuel rocket. Guidance - radio command with optical or radar tracking. Control - aerodynamic. General information - This short range missile was adopted by more than 15 navy`s.
 
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FIREFLASH.
 




Manfacturer - UK. Type air to air missile.
 
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FRITZ - X ( SD 1400X ).
 
Manufacturer - Rhurstahl AG ( Germany 1943 ). Type - air to surface missile. Range - 3 miles. Propulsion - none. Guidance - radio. Control - aerodynamic. General information - Nearly 100 of these bombs were used, mostly against shipping and proved very accurate. Half of the pre-production models hit within 5 metres of their intended target.
 
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HS293.
 
Manufacturer - Henschel (Germany 1943 ). Type - air to surface missile. Range - 10 miles. Propulsion - liquid fuel rocket. Guidance - radio. Control - aerodynamic. General information - The HS293 was the first operational missile to sink a ship; HMS Egret was attacked and sunk in the Bay of Biscay on 27th August 1943.
 
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V1  FLYING BOMB.  (replica ).
 
German second world war cruise missile fired at Britain during 1944-1945. Over 10,000 V1`s were launched against England but many were destroyed by anti-aircraft guns or fighters. Although over 3,000 V1`s got through the defences and killed over 20,000 people in London and other British cities, they did not alter the course of Hitler's war.
 
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Wednesday, 9 August 2017

MILITARY VEHICLES # 6.



 
 
AUSTIN K2 AMBULANCE.
 
The K2 was the most common ambulance used by the British Army during the second world war. A very popular vehicle, known affectionately as the `Katie`, it saw service in all theatres of operations. In this scene you can see inside the ambulance, I was unable to take photographs of the front and sides of this vehicle do to other exhibits being to close.
 
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SCAMMELL  SV/2S RECOVERY TRACTOR.
 
Popular with it`s crews because of it`s pulling power and all round ruggedness. The Scammell was the main British Army heavy recovery vehicle of world war two.
 
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GMC  CCKW-353  2.5 TON CARGO TRUCK.
 
Jimmies or Deuce and a Half`s as they were commonly called were the most numerous and widely used trucks of the second world war. 560,000 were manufactured by General Motors during the war years.
 
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17 POUNDER ANTI - TANK GUN.
 
The 17 PDR, first widely used in Normandy provided anti - tank regiments with a weapon capable of knocking out the best German tanks. It was very effective although it`s size did make it difficult to manhandle.
 
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MONTGOMERY`S BEDROOM CARAVAN.
 
This caravan was captured from the Italians in Tunisia in May 1943. Remounted on a Mack chassis it served as Montgomery`s living quarters through the Italian and north west Europe campaigns.
 
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AEC ARMOURED COMMAND VEHICLE.
 
Known as the Dorchester the AEC was an armoured truck fitted out with radio and communications equipment. It provided protection for senior officers and their signallers while they co-ordinated battlefield activities.
 
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UNIVERSAL CARRIER.
 
The most numerous British armoured vehicle of the second world war. Being totally tracked it could go virtually anywhere and was used in a wide variety of roles, primarily by Infantry formations.
 
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INTERNATIONAL M5 HALF TRACK.
 
The M5 provided infantry with a way of keeping up with fast moving mechanised forces. It was lightly armoured to give limited battlefield protection. It could carry up to thirteen combat infantry passengers.
 
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FORD GPW JEEP.
 
The jeep was the general workhorse of the allied forces undertaking a wide variety of roles. Willy`s was the main manufacturer, producing 362,841 jeeps compared to 281,448 Ford jeeps between 1942 and 1945.
 
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MONTGOMERY`S  TAC  HQ.
 
These caravans were the centre of the mobile headquarters from which Montgomery commanded allied forces throughout the campaign in north west Europe. His team of liaison officers reported to him in the map caravan. They kept in touch with what was happening at the battlefront.
 
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SOVIET  JOSEF  STALIN  2M  HEAVY  TANK.
 
Late second world war tank of advanced ballistic design which spearheaded the Soviet offensives of 1944 - 45 as they smashed their way through Berlin.
 
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SOVIET SU100 TANK DESTROYER.
 
Produced to counter the German Panther and Tiger tanks the SU100 was a T34 tank chassis adapted to fit a 100mm navel gun which would not fit in the normal T34 turret.
 
 
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Wednesday, 2 August 2017

ANIMALS # 3.



 
 
 
ADDAX.
 
Addax Nasomacultus.
 
Also known as the Screwhorn Antelope, addax are one of the most endangered mammals in the world. They once extended across the Sahara Desert region but there are now believed to be less than 500 of them left in the wild. Pictures of addax have been found on Egyptian tombs dating back 2,500 B.C. Hunting and habitat loss continue to contribute to their loss.
 
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MARA.
 
Also known as the Patagonian Hare. They are the fourth largest rodent in the world much smaller than the Capybara but much larger than the Agouti. They have a light tan coat and long legs.
 
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AGOUTI.
 
Dasyprocta Azarae.
 
Agouti`s are a type of rodent. Their scientific name Dasyprocta is Greek and translates to `Hairy Bottom` . Diet - Herbivores - leaves, seeds, nuts and fruits. When there is a lot of food available agouti`s will bury their food to store it. Agouti`s are believed to be the only native south American animal that can open a brazil nut. Agouti`s have five fingers on their hands like us but only three on their feet. Agouti`s have been nicknamed `Jungle Gardeners` because they spread seeds throughout the jungle. Conservation - threatened. Their populations is decreasing in the wild. Agouti`s are a keystone species. If their population continues to decrease many plants and animals in the rain forest will be affected. Origin - middle America, west Indies, northern South America.
 
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SQUIRREL MONKEY.
 
Saimiri.
 
Squirrel monkeys are small very intelligent primates. In their native forest habitats they tend to be arboreal meaning they spend most of their time in the trees. They move about easily by leaping from branch to branch. Squirrel monkeys communicate with each other using 26 separate calls. These include chirps, purrs and barks. Diet - Omnivores - eat mostly fruit and insects. Squirrel monkeys can not swing from their tails. They use their tails to balance when moving through the tree tops. They have the largest brain per body size of all primates. Due to their small size squirrel monkeys have a lot of predators in their native forest habitats. Conservation - threatened due to increased amounts of deforestation.
 



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ASIAN SHORT CLAWED OTTER.
 
These are the smallest of all the Otter species. They rely on their sensitive and dexterous toes to forage for their prey and so do not have the long claws which most otters have. They also have less webbing between their digits than other otters.
 
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BRITISH OTTERS.
 
Athletic, clever and opportunistic. Now found across the UK after near extinction in the 1970`s.
 
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SERVAL.
 
The Serval is a medium sized member of the cat family. It has a small head, large ears and is native to sub-Saharan Africa. It is strong and slender and with long legs is well adapted to catching small rodents in long grass. They can live for up to 10 years in the wild and 20 years in captivity.
 
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GREATER RHEA.
 
Rhea Americana.
 
The largest of all the south American birds. Related to the Ostrich and Emu. The head and neck are completely feathered and the colouration varies from pale grey to brown. These birds can reach 5.6 feet and weigh up to 88 pounds. Their wings which they spread like sails when they are running are large for a  flightless bird. Rheas are polygamous, with males courting between two and twelve females. The females lay the eggs in a communal nest and the male will then take over the incubation, sitting on the eggs until they are ready to hatch. There can be as many as 50 eggs at one time. Conservation status - near threatened. Threats - eggs are collected for food and people hunt them for meat and to use their skins for the manufacture of leather. Habitat - grassy plains. Diet - plants, fruits, seeds, insects and lizards. Incubation period - 6 weeks. Number in clutch - lays one egg every day for up to ten days during the mating season. Lifespan - 15 years in the wild, 20 years in captivity.
 
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SLENDER TAILED MEERKAT.
 
Suricata Suricatta.
 
The meerkat is a member of the Mongoose family, inhabiting widespread areas of the Kalahari desert, Botswana and South Africa. They are very social animals living in colonies or clans of 20-30 members in large underground networks with multiple entrances which they leave only during the day. Animals in the same group regularly groom each other to strengthen social bonds and the subordinates will groom the alphas and lick their faces. Like cats, meerkats have binocular vision a large peripheral range, depth perception and eyes on the front of their faces. A member of the clan will stand sentry ( lookout ) while others are foraging or playing, to warn them of approaching dangers by barking loudly and whistling. Conservation status - least concern. Threats - predators-birds of prey. Habitat - desert regions and savannah. Diet - Insectivorous - grubs, insects and beetles, snakes, spiders, scorpions and small mammals. Gestation period - 73 - 77 days. Number in litter - 2 - 6. Lifespan - 10 years in the wild, 17 years in captivity.
 
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OSTRICH.
 
Struthio Camelus.
 
The flightless ostrich is the worlds largest bird with a wingspan of around two metres ( over six feet ). Ostriches roam the African savannah and desert lands and get most of their water from the plants they eat. They are very strong runners and can keep going for about an hour, reaching speeds of 70km per hour. Their wings are used as rudders to help them change direction. Contrary to popular belief, ostriches do not bury their heads in the sand when threatened but will either hide itself by lying flat against the ground or run away. If cornered it can cause injury and death with a kick from its powerful legs. Conservation status - least concern. Threats - hunted for meat and their feathers and for the pet trade. Habitat - savannah. Diet - omnivores eating plants, roots, seeds, lizards and other small mammals. Incubation period - 35 - 45 days. Number in clutch - up to 10. Lifespan - 25 years in the wild, 30 - 70 years in captivity.
 
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EUROPEAN BROWN BEAR.
 
Ursus Arctos Arctos.
 
The brown bear is distributed across North America and central/northern Europe, where due to habitat loss only small pockets remain. It can weigh between 220- 1,500lbs. Brown bears are mainly nocturnal. During the day they shelter round trees and bushes and in winter they semi hibernate in self made dens, caves and other natural crevices. In the summer it can gain up to 400lbs of fat on which it relies to make it through the winter, when it becomes very lethargic. Through the process of delayed implantation a females fertilized egg divides and floats free in the uterus for six months. During winter dormancy the foetus attaches to the uterine wall. The cubs are born eight weeks later while the mother sleeps. Conservation status - vulnerable. Threats - illegal poaching for claws, hide, teeth and internal organs also a loss of habitat. Habitat - forest, mountain woodlands and tundra. Diet - berries, roots, fungi, insects, fish and small animals. Gestation period - 170 - 270 including delay. Number in litter - 1 - 4. Lifespan - 15 - 20 years in the wild, up to 30 in captivity.
 
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AFRICAN BULLFROG.
 
Pyxicephalus Adspersus.
 
Lifespan - wild 20 years, captivity 40 years. Diet - insectivore eats small insects. Habitat - found in the savannahs of central and Sothern Africa. The African bullfrog can lay up to 4000 eggs at once. Conservation status - least concern.
 
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CRESTED GECKO.
 
Correlophus Ciliatus.
 
Lifespan - wild 10 years, captivity 20 years. Diet - omnivore eats insects and fruit. Habitat - found in New Caledonian rainforests in the canopy layer. Crested Geckos do not have eyelids and so lick their eyes to clear away debris instead. Conservation status - vulnerable. They are nocturnal.
 
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AMUR TIGER.
 
Panthera Tigris Altaica.
 
Amur tigers are the largest cats in the world. An adult male Amur tiger outweighs an adult male African lion by around 45kg. These tigers have been known to travel up to distances of 1,000 kilometres across mountain ranges. In the wild Amur tigers will hunt and kill prey once a week. This is a large feed and results in an average of eight kilograms of meat consumed per day. Once known as Siberian tigers, the name was changed due to a drastic loss in habitat resulting in the tigers only being found now around the Amur region. Conservation status - endangered. Threats - habitat loss, heavy poaching for furs and Chinese medicines and low genetic density. Habitat - mountainous deciduous and pine forests. Diet - carnivorous preferring large ungulates such as moose, deer, wild boar and occasionally bears. Gestation period - 3 - 4 months. Number in litter - 2 - 4. Lifespan - 10 years in wild, 15 - 20 in captivity.
 
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IBERIAN WOLVES.
 
Canis Lupus Signatus.
 
Iberian Wolf known locally as Lobo, a subspecies of grey wolf that inhabit the forest and plains of north Portugal and north western Spain. The wolf is the largest member of the Canid ( dog ) family. An adult male weighs around 30 - 50 kg and stands up to a metre high at the shoulder with a body length of 1.8 to 2 metres. Females are slightly smaller weighing between 25 - 40 kg. Iberian wolves have a reddish coat and distinctive dark marks on the front legs that give it its Latin name ( signatus = marked ). Only the alpha male and female mate in the pack. Today the hunting of wolves is banned in Portugal but allowed in some parts of Spain. Conservation status - endangered. At the time I was there the wolves stayed at the rear of their enclosure after being fed. I returned a few times but never could get a decent photograph of them.
 
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AFRICAN LION.
 
Panthera Leo.
 
The second largest of the big cats and also the only social big cat. A lion`s roar can be heard up to five miles away. They use their roar as a form of reassurance for cubs, long distance communication and territory protection. The males distinguishing feature is the mane which can take up to seven years to grow. A castrated male lion would lose his mane. Groups of lions ( called prides ) can consist of up to 30 lions which will co-operate to hunt for food and split to raise cubs. In 1980 there were 230,000 across Africa. However only 23,000 remain today. Conservation status - vulnerable. Threats - prey loss, habitat loss, some laws still permit the shooting of lions. Habitat - savannah and grasslands. Diet - carnivorous, preference for wildebeest, zebra, impalas, buffalo and warthogs. Gestation period - 110 days. Number in  litter - 1 - 2. Lifespan - 13 years in the wild, 20 - 25 years in captivity.
 
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NORTHEAST CHEETAH.
 
Acinonyx Jubatus Soemmeringi.
 
Although commonly mistaken for a big cat, cheetahs are actually lesser cats, as they do not have the ability to roar. Cheetahs are the fastest land mammals and can run up to 75 miles per hour. Northeast cheetahs are classified as northern or Sudan cheetah. The Sudan cheetah population has been estimated at fewer than 2,000 cheetahs in the wild. Although female cheetahs are solitary, males are gregarious and may form coalitions to defend territories and kills. These males are typically related. Conservation status - vulnerable. Threats - habitat loss, illegal trade from the Horn of Africa to the middle east. Habitat - savannah and grasslands. Diet - carnivorous, preference for gazelle, hares and guinea fowl. Gestation period - 3 months. Number in litter - 1 - 5. Lifespan - 8 years in the wild, 10 to 15 years in captivity.
 
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VERVET MONKEY.
 
Chlorocebus Pygerythrus.
 
Vervets live in social groups ranging from 10 to 70 individuals with males changing groups at the time of maturity. The species exhibits sexual dimorphism, the males are larger in weight and body length. Vervet monkeys have separate hierarchies depending on their sex. Male hierarchies depend on strength, age and allies and female hierarchies depend on their sons rank. Vervet monkeys have been used extensively for research into the social behaviours of humans, as they have human like traits, such as hypertension, anxiety and social and dependent alcohol use. Conservation status - least concern. Threats - hunted for meat, fur and used for medical research also preyed upon by Leopards and eagles. Habitat - savannah, woodland, coastal forest and mountains up to 400m. Diet - primarily herbivorous, usually fruits, flowers, leaves, seeds and occasionally insects. Gestation period - 6 months. Number in litter - 1 - 2. Lifespan - 11-12 years.
 
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RED FOX.
 
Vulpes Vulpes.
 
This fox is called Bramble. Brambles mother was a wild fox, killed before bramble was weaned. Bramble was bought to the zoo by a member of the public and was subsequently hand reared by one of the keepers. She is very playful and loves to spend time with her keepers often running away with equipment when maintenance department are working in the enclosure. Bramble is the only carnivore with which `big cat keeper for a day` participants can make physical contact in her own enclosure. Her friendly character often makes her a favourite.
 
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JAGUAR.
 
Panthera Onca.
 
Jaguars have the most powerful jaw of any cat. Whereas a tiger will bite its prey on the neck where its soft, the jaguar will try and crush or pierce the skull of its prey. The jaguar is the largest cat in the western hemisphere and the third largest cat in the world, after the lion and tiger. It is also one of the four roaring cats. It differs from a lions roar as its more a series of hoarse coughs. They are often confused with the leopard but jaguars are much stockier with a broader head and shorter legs and tail. There are also black jaguars which are known as black panthers. The colour is generally a tawny yellow with dark spots on the head and neck and dark rings on the body containing a dark spot -- this is the main difference in markings between the jaguar and leopard. Conservation status - near threatened. Threats - due to its power they have no predators other than humans. Habitat - tropical rainforests. Diet - small prey such as capybara but will also eat larger prey like tapir, cattle and crocodile. Gestation period - 100 days. Number in litter - 1 - 2. Lifespan - 12 - 15 years in the wild, 20 years in captivity.
 
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